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ICRP International

Conference on Recovery After Nuclear Accidents

Radiological Protection Lessons
from Fukushima and Beyond

December 1 - 18, 2020

D.I. Gudkov, N.A. Pomortseva, N.L. Shevtsova, A.Y. Kaglyan, C.D. Ganzha, A.A. Yavnyuk

Aquatic Biota in Gradient of Long-term Radioactive Contamination: Dose Rates and Effects

D.I. Gudkov, N.A. Pomortseva, N.L. Shevtsova, A.Y. Kaglyan, C.D. Ganzha, A.A. Yavnyuk (Institute of Hydrobiology, NAS, Ukraine)


The effects of chronic irradiation of biota in water bodies within Chernobyl exclusion zone during last twenty years were studied. The dose rate for hydrobionts from the most contaminated lake reached to 420 μGy/h. The rate of chromosomal aberrations in cells of aquatic plants and snail’s embryos on average in 2-6 times exceeds the spontaneous mutagenesis level. An essential changes in leukograms of fish peripheral blood and increased level of morphological damages of erythrocytes was determined, which is generally for pray fish in 4-12 times and for predatory fish in 7-15 times higher than in fish from reference lakes. Analysis of the viability of the seed progeny of the common reed showed on the one hand a reduction in technical germination, germination energy, seed viability, and from another hand – a significantly increase the number of abnormalities of seed seedlings with increase of radiation dose rate.

 

長期放射能汚染地域における水生生物群系:線量率とその影響

D.I. Gudkov, N.A. Pomortseva, N.L. Shevtsova, A.Y. Kaglyan, C.D. Ganzha, A.A. Yavnyuk (Institute of Hydrobiology, NAS, Ukraine)


過去20年間のチェルノブイリの立入禁止区域内の水域における生物相の慢性放射線照射の影響が調査された。最も汚染された湖の水性生物の線量率は420 μGy/hに達した。水生植物及びカタツムリの胚の細胞の染色体異常の発生率は、平均して自然突然変異発生レベルを2~6倍超えている。魚類の末梢血の白血球像での本質的な変化と、赤血球の形態学的損傷のレベルの増加が判明したが、これは基準湖の魚と比べて一般的に餌用魚では4~12倍、捕食魚では7~15倍の高さである。アシの種子の後代の生存性を分析したところ、一方では、人工発芽、発芽エネルギー、種子の生存性が低下し、他方では、放射線量率の増加に伴い種子の苗の異常数が著しく増加していることが示された。

 

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